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Neurodegenerative Disorders: Early Phenotypes, Neuroplasticity, and Progression
Protective Effects of Green Tea Polyphenols in the 6-OHDA Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease Through Inhibition of ROS-NO Pathway
Shuhong Guoa, Jingqi Yana, b, Tangbin Yangd, Xianqiang Yange, Erwan Bezardc and Baolu Zhaoa, f, ,
aState Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China
bGraduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
cNational Center for Scientific Research (The Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Bordeaux, France
dSpace Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Space and Medico-Engineering, Beijing, China
eDepartment of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
fE-Institutes of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, China.
Received 22 November 2006; revised 11 April 2007; accepted 12 April 2007. Available online 12 July 2007.
Background
Nitric oxide (NO) and related pathways are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Our in vitro experiments suggested that green tea polyphenols (GTP) might protect dopamine neurons through inhibition of NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Methods
Immunohistochemistry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling assay, electron spin resonance spin trapping, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and molecular biological methods were used to investigate the effects of GTP in an unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated rat model of PD.
Results
GTP treatment dose-dependently protected dopaminergic neurons by preventing from midbrain and striatal 6-OHDA-induced increase in 1) both ROS and NO levels, 2) lipid peroxidation, 3) nitrite/nitrate content, 4) inducible nitric oxide synthase, and 5) protein-bound 3-nitro-tyrosine. Moreover, GTP treatment dose-dependently preserved the free radical scavenging capability of both the midbrain and the striatum.
Conclusions
These results support the in vivo protection of GTP against 6-OHDA and suggest that GTP treatment might represent a neuroprotective treatment of PD.
Key Words: Electron spin resonance; natural antioxidants; neurodegenerative disease; nitric oxide; reactive oxygen species; stereology
Address reprint requests to Professor Baolu Zhao, State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
