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Coordination of Actin Filament and Microtubule Dynamics during Neurite Outgrowth
Andrew W. Schaefer,1,3 Vincent Th.G. Schoonderwoert,1,3 Lin Ji,2 Nelson Mederios,1 Gaudenz Danuser,2 and Paul Forscher1,
1 Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
2 Dept of Cell Biology, Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Corresponding author
Paul Forscher
Summary
Although much evidence suggests that axon growth and guidance depend on well-coordinated cytoskeletal dynamics, direct characterization of the corresponding molecular events has remained a challenge. Here, we address this outstanding problem by examining neurite outgrowth stimulated by local application of cell adhesion substrates. During acute outgrowth, the advance of organelles and underlying microtubules was correlated with regions of attenuated retrograde actin network flow in the periphery. Interestingly, as adhesion sites matured, contractile actin arc structures,