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Mesenchymal stem cells induce mature dendritic cells into a novel Jagged-2–dependent regulatory dendritic cell population
Bin Zhang1,*, Rui Liu1,*, Dan Shi1, Xingxia Liu1, Yuan Chen1, Xiaowei Dou1, Xishan Zhu1, Chunhua Lu1, Wei Liang1, Lianming Liao1, Martin Zenke2, and Robert C. H. Zhao1
1 Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; and 2 Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), in addition to their multilineage differentiation, exert immunomodulatory effects on immune cells, even dendritic cells (DCs). However, whether they influence the destiny of full mature DCs (maDCs) remains controversial. Here we report that MSCs vigorously promote proliferation of maDCs, significantly reduce their expression of Ia, CD11c, CD80, CD86, and CD40 while increasing CD11b expression. Interestingly, though these s clearly suggest their skew to immature status, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation could not reverse this trend. Moreover, high endocytosic capacity, low immunogenicity, and strong immunoregulatory function of MSC-treated maDCs (MSC-DCs) were also observed. Furthermore we found that MSCs, partly via cell-cell contact, drive maDCs to differentiate into a novel Jagged-2–dependent regulatory DC population and escape their apoptotic fate. These results further support the role of MSCs in preventing rejection in organ transplantation and treatment of autoimmune disease
