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Jumonji Modulates Polycomb Activity and Self-Renewal versus Differentiation of Stem Cells
Xiaohua Shen1, Woojin Kim1, Yuko Fujiwara1, Matthew D. Simon5, Yingchun Liu4, Matthew R. Mysliwiec6, Guo-Cheng Yuan4, Youngsook Lee6 and Stuart H. Orkin1, 2, 3, ,
1 Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
3 Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
4 Department of Biostatistics & Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
5 Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
6 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Trimethylation on histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) by Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) regulates the balance between self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The mechanisms controlling the activity and recruitment of PRC2 are largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that the founding member of the Jumonji family, JMJ (JUMONJI or JARID2), is associated with PRC2, colocalizes with PRC2 and H3K27me3 on chromatin, and modulates PRC2 function. In vitro JMJ inhibits PRC2 methyltransferase activity, consistent with increased H3K27me3 marks at PRC2 targets in Jmj-/- ESCs. Paradoxically, JMJ is required for efficient binding of PRC2, indicating that the interplay of PRC2 and JMJ fine-tunes deposition of the H3K27me3 mark. During differentiation, activation of genes marked by H3K27me3 and lineage commitments are delayed in Jmj-/- ESCs. Our results demonstrate that dynamic regulation of Polycomb complex activity orchestrated by JMJ balances self-renewal and differentiation, highlighting the involvement of chromatin dynamics in cell-fate transitions.
