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Jarid2/Jumonji Coordinates Control of PRC2 Enzymatic Activity and Target Gene Occupancy in Pluripotent Cells
Jamy C. Peng1, Anton Valouev2, Tomek Swigut1, Junmei Zhang5, Yingming Zhao6, Arend Sidow2, 3 and Joanna Wysocka1, 4, ,
1 Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
2 Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
3 Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
4 Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
5 Protein Chemistry Technology Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
6 Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) regulates key developmental genes in embryonic stem (ES) cells and during development. Here we show that Jarid2/Jumonji, a protein enriched in pluripotent cells and a founding member of the Jumonji C (JmjC) domain protein family, is a PRC2 subunit in ES cells. Genome-wide ChIP-seq analyses of Jarid2, Ezh2, and Suz12 binding reveal that Jarid2 and PRC2 occupy the same genomic regions. We further show that Jarid2 promotes PRC2 recruitment to the target genes while inhibiting PRC2 histone methyltransferase activity, suggesting that it acts as a “molecular rheostat” that finely calibrates PRC2 functions at developmental genes. Using Xenopus laevis as a model we demonstrate that Jarid2 knockdown impairs the induction of gastrulation genes in blastula embryos and results in failure of differentiation. Our findings illuminate a mechanism of histone methylation regulation in pluripotent cells and during early cell-fate transitions.
