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Trichlorfon induces apoptosis in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells via the endoplasmic reticulum?
Cheng-Yun Liua, b, Ping-An Changa and Yi-Jun Wua, ,
aLaboratory of Molecular Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datunlu Road, Beijing 100101, PR China
bGraduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China
This study investigated the role of the endoplasmic reticulum pathway in apoptosis induced by trichlorfon in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that trichlorfon and its degradation product dichlorvos-induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner and Hoechst 33342 staining experiments revealed trichlorfon/dichlorvos-induced nucleus condensation. Western blot analysis indicated decreased expression of caspase-12 and increased activated caspase-12 in trichlorfon-treated cells compared to a control, suggesting that trichlorfon may induce apoptosis in SH-SY5Y partly via the endoplasmic reticulum. Intracellular Ca2+ level ([Ca2+]i) in SH-SY5Y cells increased after treatment with trichlorfon but was significantly reduced by pre-treatment with a combination of a calcium channel blocker, an inositol trisphosphate receptor inhibitor, and a ryanodine receptor inhibitor. Percent apoptosis and activated caspase-3 and caspase-12 decreased in pre-treated cells compared to those treated with trichlorfon alone. Trichlorfon-induced apoptosis was also inhibited by the protein kinase C activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). These results suggest that endoplasmic reticulum stress, which is related to calcium, may be involved in the cytotoxicity of trichlorfon.
