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Cell signalling by microRNA165/6 directs gene dose-dependent root cell fate
Annelie Carlsbecker1,2,8, Ji-Young Lee3,4,8, Christina J. Roberts2, Jan Dettmer1, Satu Lehesranta1, Jing Zhou3,4, Ove Lindgren1,5, Miguel A. Moreno-Risueno6, Anne Vatén1, Siripong Thitamadee1, Ana Campilho1, Jose Sebastian3, John L. Bowman7, Yk? Helariutta1,8 & Philip N. Benfey6,8
Institute of Biotechnology/Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland
Department of Physiological Botany, Evolutionary Biology Center, Uppsala University, Norbyv?gen 18D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
Graduate Field of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
Biology Department and IGSP Center for Systems Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
School of Biological Sciences, Monash
A key question in developmental biology is how cells exchange positional information for proper patterning during organ development. In plant roots the radial tissue organization is highly conserved with a central vascular cylinder in which two water conducting cell types, protoxylem and metaxylem, are patterned centripetally. We show that this patterning occurs through crosstalk between the vascular cylinder and the surrounding endodermis mediated by cell-to-cell movement of a transcription factor in one direction and microRNAs in the other. SHORT ROOT, produced in the vascular cylinder, moves into the endodermis to activate SCARECROW. Together these transcription factors activate MIR165a and MIR166b. Endodermally produced microRNA165/6 then acts to degrade its target mRNAs encoding class III homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factors in the endodermis and stele periphery. The resulting differential distribution of target mRNA in the vascular cylinder determines xylem cell types in a dosage-dependent manner.