西亚试剂：The structure of (CENP-A–H4)2 reveals physical features tha

The structure of (CENP-A–H4)2 reveals physical features that mark centromeres

Nikolina Sekulic,Emily A. Bassett,Danielle J. Rogers& Ben E. Blackblackbe et al.

Centromeres are specified epigenetically, and the histone H3 variant CENP-A is assembled into the chromatin of all active centromeres1. Divergence from H3 raises the possibility that CENP-A generates unique chromatin features to mark physically centromere location. Here we report the crystal structure of a subnucleosomal heterotetramer, human (CENP-A–H4)2, that reveals three distinguishing properties encoded by the residues that comprise the CENP-A targeting domain (CATD; ref. 2): (1) a CENP-A–CENP-A interface that is substantially rotated relative to the H3–H3 interface; (2) a protruding loop L1 of the opposite charge as that on H3; and (3) strong hydrophobic contacts that rigidify the CENP-A–H4 interface. Residues involved in the CENP-A–CENP-A rotation are required for efficient incorporation into centromeric chromatin, indicating specificity for an unconventional nucleosome shape. DNA topological analysis indicates that CENP-A-containing nucleosomes are octameric with conventional left-handed DNA wrapping, in contrast to other recent proposals3, 4, 5, 6. Our results indicate that CENP-A marks centromere location by restructuring the nucleosome from within its folded histone core.

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